Fire-extinguisher.



e. T. PEARSONS.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-15.19MB.

Patented Feb. 13, 1917.

5] vwam foz WV u L w W m Q m. w m n% GEORGE T. PEABSONS, OF NEW YORK, N.Y.-

FIBE-EXTINGUISHER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 13, 1917.

Application filed January 15, 1916. Serial No. 72,207.

To all whomz't may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonon a citizen of the United.States, residing inthe borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Fire-Extinguishers, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to syringes in which a streain or jet of liquidis ejected from a' reservoir during each outward and inward movement ofa piston, and it is the object. of the invention to provide improvedmeansmunicates. A piston is reciprocable in the cylinder by a hollowpiston rod extending exterior of the cylinder and reservoir opposite tothe discharge outlet, a tubeslidable in the cylinder outlet andextending into the hollow piston rod and reciprocable therewith servingto connect the cylinder with the reservoir outlet through the chamber,the liquid being discharged from the cylinder through ports in thepiston rod and from the latter through the tube and chamber throughthedischarge outlet, the piston rod and the inner end of the tube beingalternately connected with the cylinder at opposite sides of the pistonthrough the opening and closing of the ports in the piston rod by thepiston during the reciprocation thereof. 1 v

A further object of the invention is to provide in a syringe of thistype means whereby the liquid is drawn into the cylinder from thelowermost part of the reservoir no matter in what position the dischargeout let of the syringe may be; and to provide means to prevent access ofthe liquid to the cylinder when not in use and thereby prevent leakagethrough the discharge outlet of the contents of the reservoir.

Another object of the invention is to pro- -vide means whereby theliquid drawn from the reservoir into the cylinder and dischargedtherefrom before it is ejected is placed under pressure to increase theforce 5 and efiiciency of the ejected stream.

In the drawing accompanying and form- T. PEARsoNs,

. ing a part of this specification Figure 1 is a sectional sideelevation of a syringe showing an embodiment of my invention with theparts in normal position.

Fig. 2 is a sectional detail view of a valve for the suction inlet ofthe cylinder, and

-Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view showing modified means of securingthe piston cylinder in the reservoir;

Similar characters of reference designate like parts throughout thedifler'ent views of the drawing.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in the :drawing there isprovided a tank or reservoir for'a fire extinguishing liquid consistingof a body portion 3, preferably cylindrical in shape, and the ends, 4and 5 secured thereto, as by soldering or otherwise, the end 5 having adischarge outlet 6 and a filler opening closed by a plug 7, said plugbeing constructed with an inwardly opening and outwardly closing springcheck valve to permit entrance of air to the reservoir to displace theliquid as it is ejected therefrom. The end 5 ispreferably dished topermit of the standing of the syringe upon a horizontal surface.

Mounted. in, the 'reservoir eccentric to the axis of the cylinder andadjacent one side is a piston chamber or cylinder 9 having inlets 10 and11 with inwardly opening and outwardly closing check valves 12 and 13adjacent opposite ends to connect the cylinder to the reservoir. The,cylinder extends from the end of the reservoir opposite the outlet 6 andis connected to the outlet 6 by a chamber 14 which is in the nature of acompression chamber for a purpose to be hereinafter described. A tube 15slidably engages in a stufling box 16,i'1i the cylinder end, the saidtube extending through a cap 17 into a hollow piston rod 1-8, the saidcap being secured to and closing one end of the piston rod and to whichcap the tube 15 is fixed. The piston rod extends through a stufling box24 to the exterior of the cylinder and reservoir opposite to the outlet6 and is reciprocated by a hand grip 19 fixed thereto. A piston head 20having suitable packing to seal it in the cylinder is mounted on thepiston rod 18 to have a limited to and fro movement between the cap 17,which is in the nature of an abutment, and an abutment or collar 21fixed to the piston rod to thereby control the opening and closing ofnately connect the piston rod and the tube with the cylinder at oppositesides of the piston at the commencement of each outward and inwardstroke of the piston. The tube 15 is preferably centrally of the chamber14 with the outlet 6 offset from the center of said chamber, a tube 25being connected to the outlet 6, to connect the latter to the chamber14. The area or diameter of outlet 6 is preferably less than thediametergof the tube 15.for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

In operation, assuming the parts to be in normal position'shown in Fig.1, as the piston rod is pulled outward and with the tube 15 the pistonrod will have a slight free movement independent of the piston and untilthe latter engages with the abutment 17 when it will movewith the pistonrod,

- outlet.

the said piston closing the ports 22 and uncovering the ports 23. Duringthis movement of the piston liquid will be drawn from the reservoir intothe piston chamber through the inlet 10 in front of the piston, whilethe air at the back of the piston will be ejected through the ports 23uncovered by the piston and through the piston rod and tube 15 intochamber 14 and from the latter through the tube 25 and discharge Duringthe inward movement of the piston rod it will have a' slight freemovement independent of the piston until it engages with the abutment21, this movement of the piston uncovering the ports 22 and covering theports 23, and during the inward movement of the piston the liquidpreviously drawn into the cylinder in front of the'piston will beejected through ports 22, piston rod, and tube 15 into the chamber 1iand from said chamber through the tube 25 and discharge outlet 6. Byhaving the tube 15 of greater diameter than the tube 25 the volume ofliquid entering the chamber 14 will be greater than that which can beejected through the tube 25 creating a pressure in the chamber H withthe result that the liquid will be ejected through the tube 25 withincreased force, and the outlet which is restricted with relation to thediameter of tube 25 will still further create a pressure and increasethe force of the stream ejected from the outlet 6. During this forwardmovement of the piston liquid will be drawn into the cylinder in back ofthe piston. As the liquid is drawn from the reservoir it is displaced byair entering through the valved port in the plug 7 for the filleropening. I

The piston chamber is located at one side of the center of the reservoirand lies adjacent the side and which may constitute the top of thecylinder. To permit of the drawing of the liquid from the lowermostpartof the reservoir I provide a tube 26 extending longitudinally of andwith its ends adjacent the ends and sides of the reservoir. This tube isconnected by a branch tube 27 with a tube 28 connected at its ends tothe inlets of the piston chamber to oscillate or swing on an axislongitudinally of the reservoir. To connect the tube 28 with the inletsof the cylinder the ends 28, 29 of the cylinder have an extended angleportion, as shown at 30, in which the cylinder inlets 10 and 11 arelocated and in which the ends of the tube 28 engage and are sealed bystufiing boxes 31. By this connection the intake tube 26 is adapted toswing on an axis centrally of the reservoir with the ends of the tubeadjacent the side and opposite ends of the reservoir.

To permit of the discharge of the liquid from the reservoir in whateverposition it may be held relative to a horizontal position the ends ofthe intake tube 26 are provided with valves. For this purpose the endsof the tube are formed to constitute seats for balls 32, the balls beingcarried by cages, in the form of caps 33, connected to the ends of thetube with the outer ends closed, said closed outer ends serving assupports for the balls 'when unseated. To permit entrance of the liquidthrough said cages to the tube they have lateral ports 3%, the cagesbeing so proportioned that when the ball is unseated these ports will beslightly above the ball to prevent any possibility of the balls beingdrawn to their seats with the suction of the liquid. It will be obviousthat should the discharge end of the reservoir be tilted down from thehorizontal that the ball at the then upper end of the tube will beautomatically seated closing said end of the tube and the ball at thethen lower end of the reservoir will drop away from the seat and will beso supported as. to prevent the liquid drawing it to its seat.

The tube 15 extends to a point adjacent the operating handle 19, asshown, and during operation a siphonic action of the liquid is set upfrom the reservoir through the intake ports of the cylinder, the pistonrod, the tube 15, the compression chamber 14 and the outlet, and afterthe'reciprocation of the piston has ceasedand should the liquid not havebeen entirely exhausted from the reservoir this siphonic action has atendency'to be maintained; to break this siphon and stop the flow ofliquid the piston rod is provided with an air intake valve. This valveis located in the operating handle 19 to normally close an opening insaid handle communicating with the piston rod, and is in the nature ofan outwardly closing and inwardly opening spring check valve, as shownat 35. This valve is normally-closed by its spring and in the operationof the syringe during the reciprocation of the piston the pressure ofthe liquid in the piston rod will tend to firmly seat the valve.However, as soon as reciprocation of the piston has ceased this valvewill automatically unther flow of liquid to the cylinder being preventedby the valves in the intakes of the cylinder.

To facilitate assembling the cylinder heads 28, 29have recessed portionsin which the ends of the cylinder engage, and it is preferably a tightor driving fit. Simultaneously with applying the cylinder heads the endsof the tube 28 are placed in position in the angular portions 30 of saidheads. The chamber 14 is then connected-to the cylinder end 28. Thewhole is then assembled on the reservoir end 4 by extending a shoulderedthreaded end 40 of the cylinder head 29 through an opening in said end4, and in which the stuffing box is located, when a nut 41, is appliedto the threaded end 40 firmly clamping the piston mechanism to said end4. The body portion 3 of the cylinder is then inserted within theflanged portion of the end 4, when the end 5 is applied with the chamber14 in line with an opening 42 in said end. The outer end of this chamber14 is internally screw threaded to receive thenozzle having thedischarge outlet 6, with the tube 25 fixed thereto, which is preferablyso constructed as to apply a wrench. After the nozzle is connected tochamber 14 it is soldered to the end 5 to preventany possibility ofleakage, As stated, the end 5 is dished and may have a flanged portion43 to engage over the end of the body portion of the reservoir. \Viththe parts thus assembled the ends 4 and 5 are soldered to the bodyportion 3.

In Fig. 3 there is shown a modification, and which maybe the preferredform, of the connection of the pumping mechanism to the end 4. In thisinstance the cylinder 9 has a driving fit in a bore of the cylinder head29, said bore having a portion of the same diameter and a continuationof the cylinder bore and at the outer end internally screw threaded forthe engagement of a flange with which the nut 41 is provided to clampthe end 4 between the cylinder head and the flange of the nut. The head29 has a projection 36 to engage in a recess 37 in the end 4- toproperly position the pumping mechanism. The nut 41 also carries thestuffing box 24 to seal the piston rod. By this construction the pistonrod 18 with the piston mechanism may be withdrawn from the pistonchamber 9.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

1. The combination of a cylinder having suction intakes adjacentopposite ends: a hollow piston 'rod projecting from one end of saidcylinder and having an operating handle connected to said end and portsadjacent its inner end; a piston in the cylinder mounted on the pistonrod to-be reciprocated thereby and having a limited free movementthereon during the initial outward and inward movement of the piston rodto control the opening and closing of the ports to alternately connectthe piston rod with the cylinder at opposite sides of the piston; and atube slidable in the cylinder end extending into the piston rod andreciprocable therewith, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a syringe, the' combination of a reservoir having a dischargeoutlet; a cylinder therein connected at opposite ends with thereservoir; a hollow piston rod extending from the reservoir opposite tothe discharge outlet and having ports adjacent its inner end; a pistonoperable to alternatelydraw liquid from the reservoir .to opposite endsof the cylinder and control the opening and closing of the ports in thepiston rod to discharge the liquid from the cylinder into the pistonrod; a tube extending through the end of the cylinder into the pistonrod and reciprocable therewith and means to connect said tube with thereservoir outlet to connect the cylinder through the piston rod and thetube with the reservoir outlet, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

3. In a syringe, the combination of'a reservoir having an outlet; acylinder therein connected at opposite ends with the reservoir; a pistonto reciprocate in the cylinder; a hollow piston rod extendingfrom theend 'of the reservoir opposite to the outlet; a

tube extending into the piston rod and reciprocable therewith, said tubebeing slidable in the cylinder end and connected with the reservoiroutlet, and ports in the piston rod the opening and closing of whichports is controlled by the piston to discharge the liquid from thecylinder alternately from opposite ends of the piston through the pistonrod and tube, substantially as and for the purpose specified. 1

4. In a syringe, the combination ofa reservoir having a discharge outletin one to control the flow of liquid from the cylinder to the piston rodalternately from opposite ends of the piston, and a tube slidable in thecylinder end and reciprocable with the piston and piston rod to connectthe cylinder through the piston rod with the discharge outlet, said tubefixed to and extending into the piston rod topa point adjacent theoperating handle, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a syringe, the combination of a reservoir having an outlet; acylinder therein connected with the reservoir adjacent opposite ends; ahollow piston rod extending from the reservoir opposite to the outletand having an operating handle connected thereto; a piston reciprocablein the'cylinder; a tube reciprocable with the piston rod and connectedwith the reservoir outlet, said tube extending into the piston rod to apoint adjacent the operating handle; and ports in the piston rodcontrolled by the piston to alternately discharge the liquid from thecylinder at opposite ends of the piston through the piston rod and tube,substantially-as and forthe purpose specified.

6. In a syringe, the combination of a reservoir having a restrictedoutlet; a cylinder therein connected adjacent opposite ends with thereservoir and having an outlet; a chamber to connect the cylinderandreservoir outlets; a hollow piston rod projecting' from the end ofthe cylinder and reservoir opposite to the outlet; said rod having anoperating handle fixed to said projecting end and ports adjacent itsinner end; a piston mounted on the piston rod to have a limited freemovement on the rod during the initial outward and inward movement ofthe piston rod to control the opening and closing of the ports tocontrol the fiow of liquid from the cylinder to the piston rodalternately from opposite ends of the piston; a tube slidable in thecylinder outlet and reciprocable with the piston and piston rod toconnect the cylinder through the piston rod to the chamber, said tubefixed to and extending into the piston rod to a point adjacent theoperating handie; a tube connected tothe restricted outlet of thereservoir extending into the chamber, the diameter of said tube beinggreater than the outlet, and less than the diameter of the tubeextending into and reciprocable with the piston rod, substantially asand for the purpose specified.

7. In a syringe, the combination of a reservoir having an outlet; acylinder in said reservoir having intakes adjacent opposite ends; ahollow piston rod projecting from the end of the cylinder and reservoiropposite the outlet and having an operating handle connected thereto;ports adjacent the inner end of said rod; a piston to be reciprocated bysaid rod having a limited movement thereon to control the opening andclosing of the ports; a tube extending into the piston rod to a pointadjacent the handle. and reciprocable therewith to connect the cylinderto the reservoir outlet; the reciprocation of the piston setting up asiphonic action from the reservoir through the cylinder, piston rod andthe tube to the connected reservoir outlet; and means to overcome thesiphon when the piston ceases to be reciprocated, substantially as andfor the purpose specified.

8 In a syringe, the combination of a reservoir having an outlet; acylinder in said reservoir having intakes adjacent 0pposite ends; ahollow piston rod projecting from the end of the cylinder and reservoiropposite the outlet and having an operating handle connected thereto;ports adjacent the inner end of said rod; a piston to be reciprocated bysaid rod having a limited movement thereon to control the opening andclosing of the ports; a tube extending into the piston rod to a pointadjacent the handle and reciprocable therewith to connect the cylinderto the reservoir outlet; an

cylinder to alternately draw liquid from the reservoir to opposite endsof the cylinder and discharge such liquid from the cylinder into thecompression chamber, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

10. In a syringe, the combination of a reservoir having an outlet; acylinder in said reservoir connected to the reservoir outlet and havingsuction inlets adjacent opposlte ends; piston mechanism to alternatelydraw liquid from the reservoir to opposite ends of the cylinderanddischarge the liquid from the cylinder; an air intake to thecylinder; and a spring influenced outwardly closing and inwardly openingcheck valve for said intake, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

11. In a syringe, the combination of a reservoir having an outlet; acylinder in said reservoir having suction intakes adjacent oppositeends; a hollow piston rod projecting from the end of the cylinder andreservoir opposite to the outlet having an operating handle connected toand closing its outer end and the inner end closed with ports adjacentsaid end; a piston reciprocated by said rod having a limited movement onthe rod to control the opening and closing of the ports; a tubeextending into the piston rod and reciprocable therewith to connect thecylinder to the reservoir outlet; an air intake to the pist n rod in theoperating handle; and an outwardly closing and inwardly opening springinfluenced valve to normally close said intake, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

12. In a syringe, the combination of a reservoir having an outlet; acylinder therein connected with the reservoir; a piston to reciprocatein the cylinder; a hollow piston rod extending from the end of thereservo1r opposite to the outlet; a tube extending into the piston rodand reciprocable therewith, said tube being slidable in the cylinder endand communicating with the reservoir outlet; and ports in the pistonrod, .the opening and closing of which ports is controlled by the pistonto discharge the liquid from the cylinder through the piston rod andtube, substantially as and for the purpose speci: fied. 13. In asyringe, the combination of a reservoir having an outlet; a cylindertherein connected to the reservoir; means to connect the cylinder to thereservoir outlet including a compression chamber; and piston mechanismin the cylinder to draw liquid from the reservoir into the cylinder anddischarge such liquid from the cylinder into the compression chamber,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

14. In a syringe, the combination of a reservoir having an outlet; acylinder therein connected to the reservolr and reservolr out let;piston mechanism to draw liquid from GEO. T. PEARSONS.

